Arizona Forts Established by California Troops
Fort Barrett: Established on the south bank of the Gila River near the mouth of the Santa Crua in the Pima villages by the 1st and 5th California Infantry on April 19, 1862. Named for 2nd Lt. James Barrett, who died in the Battle of Picacho Pass.
Fort Bowie: Established in Apache Pass by the 5th California Infantry on July 27, 1862. Named for the regiment's colonel, George Bowie.
Fort Goodwin: Established 2.5 miles south of the Gila River and 120 miles northeast of Tucson by the 1st California Infantry on May 1, 1864. Named for the first territorial governor of Arizona, John N. Goodwin.
Fort Grant: First established on the east bank of the San Pedro River, 300 yards north of Arivaipa Creek by the 2nd California Infantry on October 31, 1865. Named for Gen. U.S. Grant.
Fort Lowell: First established as the Camp at Tucson, located west of west of Main Ave. and south of Congress St. in Tucson by the 1st California Infantry on May 21, 1862. Later named for Col. Charles R. Lowell, who died in the Battle of Cedar Creek.
Fort McDowell: Established on the west bank of the Verde River about 8 miles above the junction with the Salt by the 1st California Cavalry on September 7, 1865. Named for Maj. Gen. Irwin McDowell, commander of the Department of California.
Fort Mason: Established in Calabasas, 8 miles from the Arizona/Mexico border, on the junction of the roads into Tucson and Sonora by the 7th California Infantry in August 1865. Named for Gen. John Mason, commander of the District of Arizona.
Fort Whipple: Established at Del Rio Spring in Chino Valley by the 1st California Cavalry and 1st California Infantry on December 23, 1863. Named for Maj. Gen. Amiel W. Whipple, who surveyed the route from Albuquerque through Arizona.
Arizona Camps Established by California Troops
Bonneville Depot: Established on the Gila River by the 1st California Cavalry in February 1863.
Camp Clark: Established on the site of the first Fort Whipple about 25 miles northeast of Prescott by California Volunteers in the 1860s. Named for John A. Clark, surveyor general of New Mexico.
Camp Date Creek: First established on Date Creek at Dobbins Ranch by the 4th California Infantry in 1865.
Camp at El Reventon: Established at a ranch on the Santa Cruz River, 35 miles from Tucson, by the 1st California Cavalry in July and August 1862.
Camp Estray: Established 30 miles northeast of old Fort Breckenridge by the 5th California Infantry on May 31, 1864.
Camp Halleck: Established on the Gila River near the Antelope Peak stage station by California Volunteers, date unknown.
Camp at La Paz: Established in the town of La Paz by the 4th California Infantry on May 14, 1864.
Camp Lewis: Established on Fossil Creek in Yavapai County in 1865. Named for Col. Charles H. Lewis of the 7th California Infantry.
Camp Lincoln: Established near La Paz in Yuma County by the 4th California Infantry in early 1864.
Camp McCleave: Established northwest of Fort Goodwin by California Volunteers, date unknown. Named for Maj. William McCleave of the 1st California Cavalry.
Camp at Maricopa Wells: Established on the Gila River south of present-day Phoenix by the 7th California Infantry in December 1865.
Camp Mason: Established on Date Creek by the 4th California Infantry in June 1865.
Camp Rigg: Established 40 miles northeast of Camp Goodwin by California volunteers during the summer 1864 campaign against the Apaches. Named for Col. Edwin A. Rigg of the 1st California Cavalry.
Camp Supply: Established on the Little Colorado River by California volunteers in 1863.
Camp Tonto: Established north of the Salt River about 50 miles southeast of Camp Lincoln by California volunteers in 1864.
Camp at Tubac: Established in the town of Tubac by the 1st California Cavalry in June 1864.
List compiled from Starting with Defiance: Nineteenth Century Arizona Military Posts by Constance Wynn Altshuler (copyright 1983, the Arizona Historical Society, Tucson, Arizona) and Frontier Military Posts of Arizona by Ray Brander (copyright 1960, Dale Stuart King, Globe, Arizona).
California Forts Established by California Troops
Fort Bidwell: Established near the present-day town of Fort Bidwell in the extreme northeastern corner of the state in 1863. Named for pioneer settler John Bidwell.
California Camps Established by California Troops
Camp Anderson: Established on the right bank of Redwood Creek in Humboldt County by the 2nd California Infantry in March 1862. Named for Col. Allen L. Anderson of the 8th California Infantry.
Camp Babbitt: Established a mile north of the center of Visalia by the 2nd California Cavalry on October 31, 1862. Named for Lt. Col. E.B. Babbitt, deputy quartermaster general of the Department of the Pacific.
Camp Baker: Established 23 miles east of Hydesville in Humboldt County by the 3rd California Infantry in March 1862. Named for Col. Edward D. Baker, 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, who was killed at the Battle of Ball's Bluff.
Camp Independence: Established 3 miles west of the Owens River and 2 miles north of the town of Independence by the 2nd California Cavalry on July 4, 1862.
Camp Lincoln: Established about 5 miles northeast of Crescent City by the 2nd California Infantry on September 12, 1862.
Camp Lippitt: Established at Bucksport on Humboldt Bay by the 2nd California Infantry on January 10, 1862. Named for the regiment's colonel, Frances J. Lippitt.
Camp Lyon: Established on Brehmer's Ranch 20 miles east of Arcata by the 2nd California Infantry in March 1862. Named for Brig. Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, who was killed at the Battle of Wilson's Creek.
Camp Reynolds: Established on Angel Island in San Francisco Bay in 1864. Named for Maj. Gen. John Reynolds, who was killed at the Battle of Gettysburg.
Camp Union: Established in Sutterville by California volunteers.
List compiled from Forts of the West by Robert W. Frazer (copyright 1972, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma) and Historic Spots in California, third edition revised by William N. Abeloe (copyright 1966, Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, California).
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